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Statics & Mechanics of Materials

Beam Support Reactions

Find support reactions for simply supported beams and cantilevers under point loads, distributed loads, and moments, with equilibrium steps.

Direct solving is free and needs no account. Have a word problem instead? Submit it as text.

Inputs

Load a sample problem:
supportsSupports. Simply supported = pin + roller (overhangs allowed). Cantilever = one fixed support at x = 0 or x = span.
supports 1
loadsApplied loads; magnitudes positive with explicit direction/sense
loads 1

Worked examples

These are the solver's own reference problems — the answers come from published sources or independent hand computation, never from the solver itself. The solution below is the live solver output for each.

Example 1

simply supported, midspan point load (P=10 kN, L=6 m)

Given

span
6 m
supports
  1. 1.type pinposition 0 m
  2. 2.type rollerposition 6 m
loads
  1. 1.kind pointmagnitude 10 kNposition 3 mdirection down

Assumptions

  • Beam is rigid for equilibrium purposes; x is measured from the left end.
  • All loads act in the vertical plane; self-weight is not included unless entered as a load. Reactions are positive upward; the cantilever wall moment is reported sagging-positive.

Solution steps

  1. Reaction at B from moment equilibrium about A

    Summing moments about support A eliminates the reaction at A, leaving one equation for RB.

    ΣM about A = 0 ⇒ RB · (xB − xA) = Σ(load moments about A)

    RB = 5 kN (supports at x = 0 m and x = 6 m)

    = 5 kN

  2. Reaction at A from vertical equilibrium

    The remaining reaction balances the total applied load.

    RA = ΣW − RB

    RA = 10 kN − 5 kN = 5 kN

    = 5 kN

Beam loading schematic

Results

Reaction at A (left support)

5kN

Reaction at B (right support)

5kN

Total applied downward load

10kN

Where this answer was checked
source
NCEES FE Reference Handbook, simply supported beam formulasR = P/2 each for a midspan point load
verified by
hand-recomputed
derivation
Symmetry: RA = RB = 10/2 = 5 kN; total load 10 kN.

Example 2

cantilever with full uniform load (w=2 kN/m, L=4 m, fixed at left)

Given

span
4 m
supports
  1. 1.type fixedposition 0 m
loads
  1. 1.kind udlmagnitude 2 kN/mstart 0 mend 4 m

Assumptions

  • Beam is rigid for equilibrium purposes; x is measured from the left end.
  • All loads act in the vertical plane; self-weight is not included unless entered as a load. Reactions are positive upward; the cantilever wall moment is reported sagging-positive.

Solution steps

  1. Replace distributed loads by resultants

    For reactions, each distributed load acts as its total force at its centroid.

    W = area under the load diagram, at the centroid

    Resultants: 8 kN at x = 2 m

  2. Wall reactions from equilibrium

    The fixed support supplies a vertical force and a reaction moment; no other support shares the load.

    ΣFy = 0 and ΣM about the wall = 0

    R = 8 kN; internal bending moment at the wall M = -16 kN·m

    = 8 kN

Beam loading schematic

Results

Vertical reaction at the wall

8kN

Bending moment at the wall (sagging positive)

-16kN·m

Total applied downward load

8kN

Where this answer was checked
source
NCEES FE Reference Handbook, cantilever beam formulasR = wL, Mwall = −wL²/2
verified by
hand-recomputed
derivation
R = 2·4 = 8 kN; wall moment = −2·16/2 = −16 kN·m (hogging, sagging-positive convention).

Example 3

US units: simply supported, off-center point load (P=6 kip at a=5 ft, L=20 ft)

Given

span
20 ft
supports
  1. 1.type pinposition 0 ft
  2. 2.type rollerposition 20 ft
loads
  1. 1.kind pointmagnitude 6 kipposition 5 ftdirection down

Assumptions

  • Beam is rigid for equilibrium purposes; x is measured from the left end.
  • All loads act in the vertical plane; self-weight is not included unless entered as a load. Reactions are positive upward; the cantilever wall moment is reported sagging-positive.

Solution steps

  1. Reaction at B from moment equilibrium about A

    Summing moments about support A eliminates the reaction at A, leaving one equation for RB.

    ΣM about A = 0 ⇒ RB · (xB − xA) = Σ(load moments about A)

    RB = 1.5 kip (supports at x = 0 ft and x = 20 ft)

    = 1.5 kip

  2. Reaction at A from vertical equilibrium

    The remaining reaction balances the total applied load.

    RA = ΣW − RB

    RA = 6 kip − 1.5 kip = 4.5 kip

    = 4.5 kip

Beam loading schematic

Results

Reaction at A (left support)

4.5kip

Reaction at B (right support)

1.5kip

Total applied downward load

6kip

Where this answer was checked
source
NCEES FE Reference Handbook, simply supported beam formulasRA = Pb/L, RB = Pa/L
verified by
hand-recomputed
derivation
RA = 6·15/20 = 4.5 kip; RB = 6·5/20 = 1.5 kip.